Risk factors for anal HPV-16/18 infection in Mexican HIV-infected men who have sex with men.

Abstract

To describe the prevalence of specific HPV types among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), particularly the presence of HPV-16 and/or -18, and to determine the factors associated with anal HPV-16/18 infections. This is a cross-sectional study from a baseline cohort of 525 HIV-positive MSM, who attended an HIV Clinic in Mexico City. Socio-demographic characteristics, sexual behaviors and HIV-related parameters were assessed. Anal samples were tested for HPV DNA using the Linear Array HPV genotyping assay. The overall prevalence of any HPV type in the anal canal among 446 participants was 93.1%. At least one oncogenic HPV type was detected in 72.2% of the subjects and HPV-16 and/or18 were detected in 30.7%. Additionally, 76.9% of patients were infected with multiple HPV types. Having more than 10 receptive sexual partners in the last 6months (OR=2.30; 95% CI 1.12-4.74) and a CD4 cell count ≤350cells/μL (OR=1.97; 95% CI 1.26-3.09) were factors positively associated with HPV-16/18 infection in the anal canal. Co-infection with HPV-16/18 and other oncogenic types are predominant in this group of HIV-positive MSM. The recognition of infection with specific oncogenic types will be of aid in designing future preventive strategies that target this high-risk population.