The association between muscle strengthening activities and red blood cell distribution width among a national sample of U.S. adults.

Abstract

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a novel biomarker indicative of cardiovascular disease. However, little research has examined the association of muscle strengthening activities (MSA) on RDW. Examine the association between MSA and RDW among a national sample of U.S. adults. Data from the 2003-2006 (n=8257) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between MSA with RDW. Participants self-reported their extent of MSA (e.g., lifting weights, push-ups, and sit-ups) and RDW was assessed from a blood sample. Independent of demographics, aerobic-based physical activity and established cardiovascular disease risk factors, for every 1 MSA session per day increase, the odds of having an elevated RDW (≥14.1%) reduced by 34% (p<0.05). In alignment with current resistance training guidelines by the government, for every increase of 2 MSA sessions per week, participants had an 11% reduced odds of having an elevated RDW (p=0.006). Engagement in MSA is inversely associated with RDW. Although speculative, these findings suggest that changes in RDW may be one potential mechanism through which MSA may influence cardiovascular disease.