Heaping, secondary flows and broken symmetry in flows of elongated granular particles.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 25679351.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1039/c4sm02534b.
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Abstract
In this paper we report experiments where we shear granular rods in split-bottom geometries, and find that a significant heap of height of least 40% of the filling height can form at the particle surface. We show that heaping is caused by a significant secondary flow, absent for spherical particles. Flow reversal transiently reverses the secondary flow, leading to a quick collapse and slower regeneration of the heap. We present a symmetry argument and experimental data that show that the generation of the secondary flow is driven by a misalignment of the mean particle orientation with the streamlines of the flow. This general mechanism is expected to be important in all flows of sufficiently anisometric grains.