Lower limb alignment control: is it more challenging in lateral compared to medial unicondylar knee arthroplasty?

Abstract

Limb alignment after unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) has a significant impact on outcomes. The literature lacks lateral UKA alignment studies, making our understanding of this issue based on medial UKA. We evaluated limb alignment in 241 patients who underwent medial (229 knees) or lateral (37 knees) UKA. Alignment was measured pre and postoperatively in radiographs and intra-operatively using a navigation system. We compared the percentage of over-correction and the difference between post-operative alignment and navigation measurement. Percentage of overcorrection was significantly higher in the lateral UKAs (11%) compared to the medial UKAs (4%). In medial UKAs, the mean difference between the intraoperative alignment and the post-operative was 1.33°. This was significantly lower than the mean 1.86° difference in the lateral UKAs. Our data demonstrated an increased risk of "overcorrection," and greater difficulty in predicting postoperative alignment using computer navigation, when performing lateral UKAs compared to medial UKAs.