Ureteroarterial fistula: diagnosis and management.

Abstract

Ureteroarterial fistula (UAF) is an uncommon condition with only approximately 150 cases reported in the literature. Patients typically present with hematuria in the setting of prolonged ureteral stenting, prior pelvic surgery, malignancy, or radiation. Presentation can vary from intermittent hematuria to life-threatening hemorrhagic shock. Recognizing this condition in a prototypical patient is essential for accurate diagnosis and management. Angiography yields the highest diagnostic benefit, and arterial stent-graft placement is the treatment of choice.