A Study of Dielectric Properties of Proteinuria between 0.2 GHz and 50 GHz.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 26066351.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0130011 and PMC identifier 4466538.
- Licence recorded as CC BY.
- The licence permits redistribution, so the abstract is shown in full and the full text is available from the publisher.
Abstract
This paper investigates the dielectric properties of urine in normal subjects and subjects with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at microwave frequency of between 0.2 GHz and 50 GHz. The measurements were conducted using an open-ended coaxial probe at room temperature (25°C), at 30°C and at human body temperature (37°C). There were statistically significant differences in the dielectric properties of the CKD subjects compared to those of the normal subjects. Statistically significant differences in dielectric properties were observed across the temperatures for normal subjects and CKD subjects. Pearson correlation test showed the significant correlation between proteinuria and dielectric properties. The experimental data closely matched the single-pole Debye model. The relaxation dispersion and relaxation time increased with the proteinuria level, while decreasing with the temperature. As for static conductivity, it increased with proteinuria level and temperature.
Medical subject headings
- Electric Conductivity
- Proteinuria
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
- Urea