MRI and Ultrasound Imaging of the Shoulder Using Positional Maneuvers.

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to review the normal anatomy and pathologic conditions of the shoulder on the basis of the appearance on MR and ultrasound images obtained during performance of abduction external rotation and flexion adduction internal rotation positional maneuvers. Positional MRI and ultrasound are highly useful in evaluation of the shoulder. Knowledge of the normal appearance of anatomic structures and pathologic changes in nontraditional imaging planes is necessary to avoid pitfalls in interpretation.