Alumina-alumina total hip arthroplasty for the sequelae of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease: A comparative study with adult-onset osteonecrosis.

Abstract

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for sequelae of Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) involves specific concerns for deformity, leg length discrepancy (LLD), and relatively young age. Excellent long-term outcome has been proven after Alumina-Alumina (Al-Al) THA for relatively young patients, however, there was no study for Al-Al THA for LCPD sequelae. The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of Al-Al THA for LCPD sequelae and to compare the results with those for adult-onset ONFH, in which THA is necessitated in relatively young age and excellent long term outcome has been proven after Al-Al THA. Between 1997 and 2007, 41 Al-Al THA were performed in 37 patients with LCPD sequelae and followed-up for mean 10.4 years. Mean age at THA was 43.6 years. Using the propensity score matching, 41 THAs in 37 patients were identified from 339 hips in 256 patients with ONFH. The medical record and radiographic data was retrospectively reviewed. During follow-up, no revision was performed in both group. Harris Hip Score increased from 66.7 ± 17.4 points to 96.8 ± 6.8 points in LCPD group and from 47.9 ± 18.4 to 96.6 ± 4.6 in ONFH group. LLD decreased significantly from 2.0 ± 1.2 cm to 0.2 ± 0.9 cm in LCPD group and from 0.5 cm to 0.1 cm in ONFH group. Postoperative LLD showed no difference in both groups. As for complication, rate of intraoperative femoral fracture was significantly higher in LCPD group than in ONFH group. Other postoperative complication showed no difference. Despite the higher rate of intraoperative femoral crack, outcomes of Al-Al THA for LCPD were comparable to those for ONFH. Similar to ONFH, Al-Al THA may be a reliable treatment option for LCPD.