ALKBH1-Mediated tRNA Demethylation Regulates Translation.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 27745969.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2016.09.038 and PMC identifier 5119773.
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Abstract
tRNA is a central component of protein synthesis and the cell signaling network. One salient feature of tRNA is its heavily modified status, which can critically impact its function. Here, we show that mammalian ALKBH1 is a tRNA demethylase. It mediates the demethylation of N<sup>1</sup>-methyladenosine (m<sup>1</sup>A) in tRNAs. The ALKBH1-catalyzed demethylation of the target tRNAs results in attenuated translation initiation and decreased usage of tRNAs in protein synthesis. This process is dynamic and responds to glucose availability to affect translation. Our results uncover reversible methylation of tRNA as a new mechanism of post-transcriptional gene expression regulation.
Medical subject headings
- AlkB Homolog 1, Histone H2a Dioxygenase
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Protein Biosynthesis
- RNA, Transfer