Liquid Water- and Heat-Resistant Hybrid Perovskite Photovoltaics via an Inverted ALD Oxide Electron Extraction Layer Design.

Kim, In Soo; Cao, Duyen H; Buchholz, D Bruce; Emery, Jonathan D; Farha, Omar K; Hupp, Joseph T; Kanatzidis, Mercouri G; Martinson, Alex B F · Nano Lett · 2016

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Despite rapid advances in conversion efficiency (>22%), the environmental stability of perovskite solar cells remains a substantial barrier to commercialization. Here, we show a significant improvement in the stability of inverted perovskite solar cells against liquid water and high operating temperature (100 °C) by integrating an ultrathin amorphous oxide electron extraction layer via atomic layer deposition (ALD). These unencapsulated inverted devices exhibit a stable operation over at least 10 h when subjected to high thermal stress (100 °C) in ambient environments, as well as upon direct contact with a droplet of water without further encapsulation.