Vapor-Phase Epitaxial Growth of Aligned Nanowire Networks of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskites (CsPbX₃, X = Cl, Br, I).

Abstract

With the intense interest in inorganic cesium lead halide perovskites and their nanostructures for optoelectronic applications, high-quality crystalline nanomaterials with controllable morphologies and growth directions are desirable. Here, we report a vapor-phase epitaxial growth of horizontal single-crystal CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) nanowires (NWs) and microwires (MWs) with controlled crystallographic orientations on the (001) plane of phlogopite and muscovite mica. Moreover, single NWs, Y-shaped branches, interconnected NW or MW networks with 6-fold symmetry, and, eventually, highly dense epitaxial network of CsPbBr₃ with nearly continuous coverage were controllably obtained by varying the growth time. Detailed structural study revealed that the CsPbBr₃ wires grow along the [001] directions and have the (100) facets exposed. The incommensurate heteroepitaxial lattice match between the CsPbBr₃ and mica crystal structures and the growth mechanism of these horizontal wires due to asymmetric lattice mismatch were proposed. Furthermore, the photoluminescence waveguiding and good performance from the photodetector device fabricated with these CsPbBr₃ networks demonstrated that these well-connected CsPbBr₃ NWs could serve as straightforward platforms for fundamental studies and optoelectronic applications.