Anti-LGI1 encephalitis is strongly associated with HLA-DR7 and HLA-DRB4.
case_control · Level III
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 28026046.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/ana.24858.
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Abstract
Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated1 (LGI1) encephalitis is an antibody-associated inflammation of the limbic area. An autoimmune etiology is suspected but not yet proven. We performed human leukocyte antigen (HLA) analysis in 25 nontumor anti-LGI1 patients and discovered a remarkably strong HLA association. HLA-DR7 was present in 88% compared to 19.6% in healthy controls (p = 4.1 × 10<sup>-11</sup> ). HLA-DRB4 was present in all patients and in 46.5% controls (p = 1.19 × 10<sup>-7</sup> ). These findings support the autoimmune hypothesis. An exploratory analysis was performed in a small group of 4 tumor-LGI1 patients. The strong HLA association seems not applicable in these patients. Therefore, the absence of HLA-DR7 or HLA-DRB4 could raise tumor suspicion in anti-LGI1 patients. Ann Neurol 2017;81:193-198.
Medical subject headings
- Encephalitis
- HLA-DR7 Antigen
- HLA-DRB4 Chains
- Proteins