A High-Performance Li-O<sub>2</sub> Battery with a Strongly Solvating Hexamethylphosphoramide Electrolyte and a LiPON-Protected Lithium Anode.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 28585309.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.201701568.
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Abstract
The aprotic Li-O<sub>2</sub> battery has attracted a great deal of interest because theoretically it can store more energy than today's Li-ion batteries. However, current Li-O<sub>2</sub> batteries suffer from passivation/clogging of the cathode by discharged Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> , high charging voltage for its subsequent oxidation, and accumulation of side reaction products (particularly Li<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>3</sub> and LiOH) upon cycling. Here, an advanced Li-O<sub>2</sub> battery with a hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA) electrolyte is reported that can dissolve Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> , Li<sub>2</sub> CO<sub>3</sub> , and LiOH up to 0.35, 0.36, and 1.11 × 10<sup>-3</sup> m, respectively, and a LiPON-protected lithium anode that can be reversibly cycled in the HMPA electrolyte. Compared to the benchmark of ether-based Li-O<sub>2</sub> batteries, improved capacity, rate capability, voltaic efficiency, and cycle life are achieved for the HMPA-based Li-O<sub>2</sub> cells. More importantly, a combination of advanced research techniques provide compelling evidence that operation of the HMPA-based Li-O<sub>2</sub> battery is backed by nearly reversible formation/decomposition of Li<sub>2</sub> O<sub>2</sub> with negligible side reactions.