Symplectic and antiplectic waves in an array of beating cilia attached to a closed body.

Abstract

By taking into account the hydrodynamic interactions in a one dimensional array of model cilia attached to a no-slip cylinderical surface, we investigate their synchronized motion. We show how the emergence of metachronal waves depends on the initial state of the system and investigate the conditions under which the formation of symplectic and antiplectic waves are possible.