Intrathecal dexamethasone vs. meperidine for prevention of shivering during transurethral prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Abstract

Shivering is a common complication after spinal anesthesia. Also, during transurethral prostatectomy a large amount of irrigating fluids is used which may cause hypothermia and shivering. We hypothesized that intrathecal dexamethasone could effectively attenuate post-spinal shivering following transurethral prostatectomy as intrathecal meperidine. Ninety male patients, ASA II-III, 50-75 years old were included in this prospective and randomized double-blind study. Patients were divided into three equal groups; Group D received 8 mg dexamethasone, Group M received 0.2 mg/kg meperidine, and Group C received 2 ml of normal saline, each in addition to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%. Shivering incidence, intensity and recurrence, dose of IV meperidine required to treat shivering, and adverse events were recorded for 150 min after the start of spinal anesthesia. The number of patients with shivering was higher in Group C (13) than in Group D (2) and Group M (3) with no differences between Group D and M; P = 0.001. Intensity and recurrence of shivering and dose of IV meperidine used to treat shivering were higher in Group C compared to Group D and Group M; P = 0.01, P = 0.064, and P = 0.004, respectively. Adverse events were not different between groups except sedation and pruritus which occurred only in Group M compared to Group D and Group C; P = 0.005 and P = 0.001, respectively. Intrathecal dexamethasone was as effective as intrathecal meperidine in attenuation of shivering compared to placebo in patients scheduled for prostate surgery under spinal anesthesia with less adverse events.