Toric Intraocular Lenses Versus Peripheral Corneal Relaxing Incisions for Astigmatism Between 0.75 and 2.5 Diopters During Cataract Surgery.

Abstract

To compare the outcomes after toric intraocular lens (tIOL) or peripheral corneal relaxing incisions (PCRI) for keratometric astigmatism (K_A) between 0.75 and 2.5 diopters (D) during cataract surgery. Prospective randomized clinical trial. Eighty eyes (80 participants) received either tIOL or PCRI and were assessed preoperatively, 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Uncorrected (UCDVA) and best-corrected distance logMAR visual acuity (BCDVA) at 12 months. Uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA), manifest refraction, K_A and mean keratometry (K_M), corneal aberrometry, tIOL rotation, and quality-of-life questionnaire. Comparing tIOLs vs PCRIs, there was no significant difference in the UCDVA, BCDVA, and UCNVA. At 12 months, 61% vs 53% had UDCVA of 20/25 or better, 100% vs 76% gained ≥1 lines, and 59% vs 43% were within ±0.13 D spherical equivalent. In the PCRI group, anterior K_A decreased at 1 month and remained stable thereafter; there was a nonsignificant trend toward a flatter posterior K_A and steeper posterior K_M and the total corneal Z₂^-2 was low at 1 and 12 months. Over 12 months, there were changes in posterior corneal tilt, coma, and hexafoil in the PCRI group. The mean rotation of the tIOLs at 12 months was 1.8 ± 1.4 degrees. tIOL patients were happier and were glad to use the nonprescription sunglasses. There was no difference in visual acuity, although more tIOL patients gained ≥1 line and were within ±0.13 D. After PCRIs, the anterior K_A decreased in the early postoperative period and remained stable thereafter and posterior corneal aberrations changed constantly over 12 months.