Synthetic Control of Kinetic Reaction Pathway and Cationic Ordering in High-Ni Layered Oxide Cathodes.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 28841754.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1002/adma.201606715.
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Abstract
Nickel-rich layered transition metal oxides, LiNi<sub>1-</sub><sub>x</sub> (MnCo)<sub>x</sub> O<sub>2</sub> (1-x ≥ 0.5), are appealing candidates for cathodes in next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicles and other large-scale applications, due to their high capacity and low cost. However, synthetic control of the structural ordering in such a complex quaternary system has been a great challenge, especially in the presence of high Ni content. Herein, synthesis reactions for preparing layered LiNi<sub>0.7</sub> Mn<sub>0.15</sub> Co<sub>0.15</sub> O<sub>2</sub> (NMC71515) by solid-state methods are investigated through a combination of time-resolved in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction and absorption spectroscopy measurements. The real-time observation reveals a strong temperature dependence of the kinetics of cationic ordering in NMC71515 as a result of thermal-driven oxidation of transition metals and lithium/oxygen loss that concomitantly occur during heat treatment. Through synthetic control of the kinetic reaction pathway, a layered NMC71515 with low cationic disordering and a high reversible capacity is prepared in air. The findings may help to pave the way for designing high-Ni layered oxide cathodes for LIBs.