Realization of Large Electric Polarization and Strong Magnetoelectric Coupling in BiMn₃ Cr₄ O₁₂.

Abstract

Magnetoelectric multiferroics have received much attention in the past decade due to their interesting physics and promising multifunctional performance. For practical applications, simultaneous large ferroelectric polarization and strong magnetoelectric coupling are preferred. However, these two properties have not been found to be compatible in the single-phase multiferroic materials discovered as yet. Here, it is shown that superior multiferroic properties exist in the A-site ordered perovskite BiMn₃ Cr₄ O₁₂ synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. The compound experiences a ferroelectric phase transition ascribed to the 6s² lone-pair effects of Bi³⁺ at around 135 K, and a long-range antiferromagnetic order related to the Cr³⁺ spins around 125 K, leading to the presence of a type-I multiferroic phase with huge electric polarization. On further cooling to 48 K, a type-II multiferroic phase induced by the special spin structure composed of both Mn- and Cr-sublattices emerges, accompanied by considerable magnetoelectric coupling. BiMn₃ Cr₄ O₁₂ thus provides a rare example of joint multiferroicity, where two different types of multiferroic phases develop subsequently so that both large polarization and significant magnetoelectric effect are achieved in a single-phase multiferroic material.