Molecularly Engineered Theranostic Nanoparticles for Thrombosed Vessels: H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-Activatable Contrast-Enhanced Photoacoustic Imaging and Antithrombotic Therapy.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 29257881.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.7b06560.
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Abstract
A thrombus (blood clot), composed mainly of activated platelets and fibrin, obstructs arteries or veins, leading to various life-threatening diseases. Inspired by the distinctive physicochemical characteristics of thrombi such as abundant fibrin and an elevated level of hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), we developed thrombus-specific theranostic (T-FBM) nanoparticles that could provide H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-triggered photoacoustic signal amplification and serve as an antithrombotic nanomedicine. T-FBM nanoparticles were designed to target fibrin-rich thrombi and be activated by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> to generate CO<sub>2</sub> bubbles to amplify the photoacoustic signal. In the phantom studies, T-FBM nanoparticles showed significant amplification of ultrasound/photoacoustic signals in a H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-triggered manner. T-FBM nanoparticles also exerted H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-activatable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiplatelet activities on endothelial cells. In mouse models of carotid arterial injury, T-FBM nanoparticles significantly enhanced the photoacoustic contrast specifically in thrombosed vessels and significantly suppressed thrombus formation. We anticipate that T-FBM nanoparticles hold great translational potential as nanotheranostics for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-associated cardiovascular diseases.
Medical subject headings
- Hydrogen Peroxide
- Nanoparticles
- Theranostic Nanomedicine
- Thrombosis