Achilles Tendon Disorders.

Abstract

In brief The spectrum of Achilles tendon disorders, which are common in recreational and competitive athletes, ranges from mild peritendinitis or bursitis to complete ruptures. Among the possible causes of Achilles tendon disorders are vascular insufficiency, inflammatory arthritides, Achilles contractures, hyperpronation, and poor training techniques. Diagnosis of these disorders can usually be made with physical examination and routine radiographs. Treatment is tailored to the specific injury and includes physical therapy, orthoses or heel lifts, Achilles stretching, activity modification, and, occasionally, surgical debridement or tendon repair.