Electromyographic characterisation of abdominal wall trigger points developed after caesarean section and response to local anaesthesia: an observational study.

Abstract

This study examines the electromyography pattern of abdominal trigger points developed after a caesarean section, and the association between clinical response and local anaesthetic injection. Prospective cohort study. A tertiary university hospital. Twenty-nine women with chronic pelvic pain associated with trigger points after a caesarean section were included in the study. Participants received needle electromyography before treatment, then underwent a treatment protocol consisting of trigger-point injection of 2 ml of 1% lidocaine. The protocol was repeated once a week for 4 weeks. The clinical responses of the patients were compared 1 week after and 3 months after treatment. The clinical trial is registered with the Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (REBEC) under RBR-42c6gz (www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-42c6gz/). Needle electromyography and algometry results and pain reduction. Fifteen patients had abnormal electromyography findings; 14 had normal findings. The rates of response 1 week and 3 months after treatment within the abnormal electromyography group were 95 and 87%, respectively. In the normal group, the rate was 38% both 1 week after and 3 months after treatment. Trigger points developed after caesarean section, even without clinical symptoms or signs of neuralgia, may originate from neuropathies. Electromyographic abnormalities were associated with pain remission after anaesthesia injection; normal electromyography findings were associated with undiagnosed causes of pain, such as adhesions. Trigger points developed after caesarean section are neuropathies, even in the absence of classical neuralgia.