Characteristics and Outcomes of Children With Conversion Disorder Admitted to a Single Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit, A Retrospective Study.

Abstract

Conversion disorder (CD) can lead to impaired functioning. Few studies present demographic and outcome data for pediatric patients. Many have had success with rehabilitation; however, further details are not known. To identify characteristics and outcomes of children admitted to a pediatric inpatient rehabilitation program with CD symptoms. Retrospective study. Inpatient rehabilitation unit within a large children's hospital. All patients with diagnosis of CD or functional gait disorder (FGD) during designated time period. Data were obtained from chart review and United Data Systems for Medical Rehabilitation. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to analyze data. A P value of <.05 was statistically significant. Average length of stay, Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM) scores, WeeFIM change, WeeFIM efficiency, recommended therapies, number of repeat admissions to the same hospital for conversion disorder symptoms in the 12 months following discharge, and school reentry characteristics. Thirty admissions were identified that met criteria. Before diagnosis, duration of symptoms was 58 ± 145 days, physician visits averaged 1.9 ± 2.1, hospital admissions to the same hospital averaged 0.7 ± 0.9, and absence from school was 6 ± 12 weeks. Overall, 83% exhibited mixed symptoms. Length of inpatient rehabilitation stay was 8.4 ± 4.2 days with WeeFIM score change of 30 ± 11.9 (P <.001). WeeFIM efficiency was 4.8 ± 4.1 points/d. For patients with documented WeeFIM scores at 3 months, all were improved or maintained. More than three-fourths (80%) had no documented readmission to the same hospital for CD symptoms for 1 year after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Close to half (47%) returned to school within 1 week of discharge from inpatient rehabilitation (when school was in session). This study suggests that a multidisciplinary inpatient rehabilitation approach is a potentially effective and efficient treatment for children and adolescents with conversion disorder and leads to sustained functional improvement and return to school after discharge. III.