Effect of nanostructures on anchoring stem cell-derived neural tissue to artificial surfaces.

Abstract

Chronic application of brain implants monitoring or modulating neuronal activity are hindered by the foreign body response of the tissue. Topographical modification of implant surfaces may reduce negative tissue response by imitating the structure of the extracellular matrix and therefore affecting the attachment and behavior of neural cells. In our in vitro study, the effect of nanostructuring was investigated on two commercially used neural implant materials: silicon and platinum. The adhesion, survival and arrangement of neural stem cells (NE4C) and microglial cells (BV2) were investigated and compared to nanostructured and flat Si and Pt surfaces using cell viability studies and fluorescent microscopy image analysis. Our data indicated that neural cells established strong adhesive couplings with each other, instead of binding to the artificial surfaces. The phenomena resemble some features of in vivo separation of living tissue from the implanted artificial material, providing an in vitro model for studying immune response.