Uridylation by TUT4/7 Restricts Retrotransposition of Human LINE-1s.
basic_science · Level V
Where this comes from
- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 30122351.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1016/j.cell.2018.07.022 and PMC identifier 6191937.
- Licence recorded as CC BY-NC-ND.
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Abstract
LINE-1 retrotransposition is tightly restricted by layers of regulatory control, with epigenetic pathways being the best characterized. Looking at post-transcriptional regulation, we now show that LINE-1 mRNA 3' ends are pervasively uridylated in various human cellular models and in mouse testes. TUT4 and TUT7 uridyltransferases catalyze the modification and function in cooperation with the helicase/RNPase MOV10 to counteract the RNA chaperone activity of the L1-ORF1p retrotransposon protein. Uridylation potently restricts LINE-1 retrotransposition by a multilayer mechanism depending on differential subcellular localization of the uridyltransferases. We propose that uridine residues added by TUT7 in the cytoplasm inhibit initiation of reverse transcription of LINE-1 mRNAs once they are reimported to the nucleus, whereas uridylation by TUT4, which is enriched in cytoplasmic foci, destabilizes mRNAs. These results provide a model for the post-transcriptional restriction of LINE-1, revealing a key physiological role for TUT4/7-mediated uridylation in maintaining genome stability.
Medical subject headings
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Nuclear Proteins
- RNA Nucleotidyltransferases
- RNA-Binding Proteins
- Uridine