Complex strain evolution of polar and magnetic order in multiferroic BiFeO<sub>3</sub> thin films.

Chen, Zuhuang; Chen, Zhanghui; Kuo, Chang-Yang; Tang, Yunlong; Dedon, Liv R; Li, Qian; Zhang, Lei; Klewe, Christoph et al. · Nat Commun · 2018

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Electric-field control of magnetism requires deterministic control of the magnetic order and understanding of the magnetoelectric coupling in multiferroics like BiFeO<sub>3</sub> and EuTiO<sub>3</sub>. Despite this critical need, there are few studies on the strain evolution of magnetic order in BiFeO<sub>3</sub> films. Here, in (110)-oriented BiFeO<sub>3</sub> films, we reveal that while the polarization structure remains relatively unaffected, strain can continuously tune the orientation of the antiferromagnetic-spin axis across a wide angular space, resulting in an unexpected deviation of the classical perpendicular relationship between the antiferromagnetic axis and the polarization. Calculations suggest that this evolution arises from a competition between the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and single-ion anisotropy wherein the former dominates at small strains and the two are comparable at large strains. Finally, strong coupling between the BiFeO<sub>3</sub> and the ferromagnet Co<sub>0.9</sub>Fe<sub>0.1</sub> exists such that the magnetic anisotropy of the ferromagnet can be effectively controlled by engineering the orientation of the antiferromagnetic-spin axis.