DNA demethylase ROS1 negatively regulates the imprinting of <i>DOGL4</i> and seed dormancy in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>.

Abstract

Genomic imprinting is a form of epigenetic regulation resulting in differential gene expression that reflects the parent of origin. In plants, imprinted gene expression predominantly occurs in the seed endosperm. Maternal-specific DNA demethylation by the DNA demethylase DME frequently underlies genomic imprinting in endosperm. Whether other more ubiquitously expressed DNA demethylases regulate imprinting is unknown. Here, we found that the DNA demethylase ROS1 regulates the imprinting of <i>DOGL4</i><i>DOGL4</i> is expressed from the maternal allele in endosperm and displays preferential methylation and suppression of the paternal allele. We found that ROS1 negatively regulates imprinting by demethylating the paternal allele, preventing its hypermethylation and complete silencing. Furthermore, we found that <i>DOGL4</i> negatively affects seed dormancy and response to the phytohormone abscisic acid and that ROS1 controls these processes by regulating <i>DOGL4</i> Our results reveal roles for ROS1 in mitigating imprinted gene expression and regulating seed dormancy.