Strain-engineering Mott-insulating La<sub>2</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub>.

Ivashko, O; Horio, M; Wan, W; Christensen, N B; McNally, D E; Paris, E; Tseng, Y; Shaik, N E et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The transition temperature T<sub>c</sub> of unconventional superconductivity is often tunable. For a monolayer of FeSe, for example, the sweet spot is uniquely bound to titanium-oxide substrates. By contrast for La<sub>2-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> thin films, such substrates are sub-optimal and the highest T<sub>c</sub> is instead obtained using LaSrAlO<sub>4</sub>. An outstanding challenge is thus to understand the optimal conditions for superconductivity in thin films: which microscopic parameters drive the change in T<sub>c</sub> and how can we tune them? Here we demonstrate, by a combination of x-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering spectroscopy, how the Coulomb and magnetic-exchange interaction of La<sub>2</sub>CuO<sub>4</sub> thin films can be enhanced by compressive strain. Our experiments and theoretical calculations establish that the substrate producing the largest T<sub>c</sub> under doping also generates the largest nearest neighbour hopping integral, Coulomb and magnetic-exchange interaction. We hence suggest optimising the parent Mott state as a strategy for enhancing the superconducting transition temperature in cuprates.