Experimental observation of dual magnetic states in topological insulators.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 30783626.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aav2088 and PMC identifier 6368422.
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Abstract
The recently discovered topological phase offers new possibilities for spintronics and condensed matter. Even insulating material exhibits conductivity at the edges of certain systems, giving rise to an anomalous quantum Hall effect and other coherent spin transport phenomena, in which heat dissipation is minimized, with potential uses for next-generation energy-efficient electronics. While the metallic surface states of topological insulators (TIs) have been extensively studied, direct comparison of the surface and bulk magnetic properties of TIs has been little explored. We report unambiguous evidence for distinctly enhanced surface magnetism in a prototype magnetic TI, Cr-doped Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>. Using synchrotron-based x-ray techniques, we demonstrate a "three-step transition" model, with a temperature window of ~15 K, where the TI surface is magnetically ordered while the bulk is not. Understanding the dual magnetization process has strong implications for defining a physical model of magnetic TIs and lays the foundation for applications to information technology.