Irreversible electroporation reverses resistance to immune checkpoint blockade in pancreatic cancer.

Zhao, Jun; Wen, Xiaofei; Tian, Li; Li, Tingting; Xu, Chunyu; Wen, Xiaoxia; Melancon, Marites P; Gupta, Sanjay et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Immunotherapy has only limited efficacy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) due to the presence of an immunosuppressive tumor-associated stroma. Here, we demonstrate an effective modulation of that stroma by irreversible electroporation (IRE), a local ablation technique that has received regulatory approval in the United States. IRE induces immunogenic cell death, activates dendritic cells, and alleviates stroma-induced immunosuppression without depleting tumor-restraining collagen. The combination of IRE and anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) immune checkpoint blockade promotes selective tumor infiltration by CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and significantly prolongs survival in a murine orthotopic PDAC model with a long-term memory immune response. Our results suggest that IRE is a promising approach to potentiate the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade in PDAC.

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