In Situ Alloying Strategy for Exceptional Potassium Ion Batteries.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 30811177.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.9b00634.
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Abstract
We report an in situ alloying strategy for obtaining homogeneous (Bi,Sb) alloy nanoparticles from (Bi,Sb)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> nanotubes for the exceptional anode of potassium ion batteries (KIBs). The operando X-ray diffraction results, along with transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mappings, successfully reveal the phase evolution of this material, which is (Bi,Sb)<sub>2</sub>S<sub>3</sub> → (Bi,Sb) → K(Bi,Sb) → K<sub>3</sub>(Bi,Sb) during the initial discharge and K<sub>3</sub>(Bi,Sb) → K(Bi,Sb) → (Bi,Sb) in the charging process. The in situ alloying strategy produces a synergistic effect and brings an outstanding electrochemical performance. It achieves ultrahigh discharge capacities of 611 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 100 mA g<sup>-1</sup> (0.135C) and 300 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 1000 mA g<sup>-1</sup> (1.35C) and retains a capacity as high as 353 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> after 1000 cycles at 500 mA g<sup>-1</sup> (0.675C) with a Coulombic efficiency close to 100%. In addition, the KIBs full cell, which is composed of this anode and a perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride cathode, reaches an initial discharge capacity as high as 276 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> at 500 mA g<sup>-1</sup> and maintains 207 mAh g<sup>-1</sup> after 100 cycles.