Overweight or Obesity is an Unfavorable Long-Term Prognostic Factor for Patients who Underwent Gastrectomy for Stage II/III Gastric Cancer.

Abstract

Obesity has been reported to be a prognostic factor for many diseases in epidemiological studies; however, the results of studies examining the relationship between obesity and gastric cancer (GC) prognosis are inconsistent. A total of 460 patients with Stage II and III GC who underwent open R0 gastrectomy were included. Age, sex, body mass index (BMI classified into < 18.5, 18.5-25, and ≥ 25 kg/m²), stage, and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed to investigate the correlation with relapse-free survival (RFS). Five-year RFS was 51% for the study patients. Five-year RFS values were 47.6%, 54.3%, and 40.1% for patients with BMI < 18.5, 18.5-25, and ≥ 25 kg/m², respectively. The forest plot for relapse risk according to BMI showed a U shape. Multivariate analysis for RFS showed significant differences in stage and BMI; the hazard ratio for recurrence in patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² was 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-2.02, p = 0.0423) with reference to patients with BMI < 25 kg/m². BMI ≥ 25.0 was associated with longer operation times, more blood loss, fewer lymph nodes dissected, more frequent postoperative surgical site infection, and intra-abdominal abscesses. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² is an unfavorable prognostic factor for patients who underwent gastrectomy for Stage II and III GC.