Low genetic variation is associated with low mutation rate in the giant duckweed.

Xu, Shuqing; Stapley, Jessica; Gablenz, Saskia; Boyer, Justin; Appenroth, Klaus J; Sree, K Sowjanya; Gershenzon, Jonathan; Widmer, Alex et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Mutation rate and effective population size (N<sub>e</sub>) jointly determine intraspecific genetic diversity, but the role of mutation rate is often ignored. Here we investigate genetic diversity, spontaneous mutation rate and N<sub>e</sub> in the giant duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza). Despite its large census population size, whole-genome sequencing of 68 globally sampled individuals reveals extremely low intraspecific genetic diversity. Assessed under natural conditions, the genome-wide spontaneous mutation rate is at least seven times lower than estimates made for other multicellular eukaryotes, whereas N<sub>e</sub> is large. These results demonstrate that low genetic diversity can be associated with large-N<sub>e</sub> species, where selection can reduce mutation rates to very low levels. This study also highlights that accurate estimates of mutation rate can help to explain seemingly unexpected patterns of genome-wide variation.

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