Risk Factors and Outcomes of Pneumonia After Primary Intraventricular Hemorrhage.

Abstract

To investigate the risk factors in the development of pneumonia and its impact on outcome after primary intraventricular hemorrhage (PIVH). This is a single-center retrospective study including consecutive patients with PIVH admitted to West China Hospital from 2010 to 2016. Pneumonia was defined according to the modified Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria within 7 days after PIVH onset. Poor outcome (modified Rankin score ≥3) and mortality at discharge and at 90 days were analyzed. Among the included 174 patients, pneumonia occurred in 13 (7.5%) patients. Patients with pneumonia had lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (P = 0.001) and greater Graeb score (P = 0.001) at admission, presented more often with acute hydrocephalus (P = 0.04) and greater rates with stroke history (P = 0.002), and harbored greater admission blood glucose (P = 0.01) and absolute neutrophil counts (P = 0.02). In a multivariable analysis, only GCS score and stroke history were independent predictors of pneumonia after PIVH. The patients with pneumonia had longer duration of hospital stay (P = 0.002) and poorer outcome (P = 0.02) at 90 days. However, after adjustment for confounders, pneumonia after PIVH was not an independent predictor of poor outcome at 90 days. GCS score and stroke history were independent predictors of pneumonia development after PIVH. Pneumonia after PIVH was associated with longer duration of hospital stay and poorer outcome at 90 days.