Predictive value of CCND1/cyclin D1 alterations in the malignant transformation of potentially malignant head and neck disorders: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

To evaluate published evidence on the predictive value of CCND1 amplification/cyclin D1 overexpression as malignant transformation risk markers in potentially malignant disorders (PMDs) of the head and neck. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published before June 2018. We conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the impact of CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression on malignant transformation of head and neck PMDs. Nine studies met inclusion criteria. Quantitative evaluation indicated strong statistically significant association between CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression and the progression of head and neck PMD to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (risk ratio [RR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37-3.03, P < .001, and RR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.32-3.91, P = .003, respectively). We observed moderate heterogeneity among studies (I²  = 40.7%), and we cannot rule out small-study effects such as publication bias. The oral cavity subgroup showed the strongest association between CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression and progression to cancer. CCND1/cyclin D1 amplification/overexpression is important to predict the malignant transformation risk of head and neck PMDs, especially oral PMDs.