Inhibition of CRISPR-Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complex assembly by anti-CRISPR AcrIIC2.

Thavalingam, Annoj; Cheng, Zhi; Garcia, Bianca; Huang, Xue; Shah, Megha; Sun, Wei; Wang, Min; Harrington, Lucas et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems function to protect bacteria from invasion by foreign genetic elements. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely adopted as a powerful genome-editing tool, and phage-encoded inhibitors, known as anti-CRISPRs, offer a means of regulating its activity. Here, we report the crystal structures of anti-CRISPR protein AcrIIC2<sub>Nme</sub> alone and in complex with Nme1Cas9. We demonstrate that AcrIIC2<sub>Nme</sub> inhibits Cas9 through interactions with the positively charged bridge helix, thereby preventing sgRNA loading. In vivo phage plaque assays and in vitro DNA cleavage assays show that AcrIIC2<sub>Nme</sub> mediates its activity through a large electronegative surface. This work shows that anti-CRISPR activity can be mediated through the inhibition of Cas9 complex assembly.

Medical subject headings