Evidence for singular-phonon-induced nematic superconductivity in a topological superconductor candidate Sr<sub>0.1</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>.

Wang, Jinghui; Ran, Kejing; Li, Shichao; Ma, Zhen; Bao, Song; Cai, Zhengwei; Zhang, Youtian; Nakajima, Kenji et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Superconductivity mediated by phonons is typically conventional, exhibiting a momentum-independent s-wave pairing function, due to the isotropic interactions between electrons and phonons along different crystalline directions. Here, by performing inelastic neutron scattering measurements on a superconducting single crystal of Sr<sub>0.1</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, a prime candidate for realizing topological superconductivity by doping the topological insulator Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub>, we find that there exist highly anisotropic phonons, with the linewidths of the acoustic phonons increasing substantially at long wavelengths, but only for those along the [001] direction. This observation indicates a large and singular electron-phonon coupling at small momenta, which we propose to give rise to the exotic p-wave nematic superconducting pairing in the M<sub>x</sub>Bi<sub>2</sub>Se<sub>3</sub> (M = Cu, Sr, Nb) superconductor family. Therefore, we show these superconductors to be example systems where electron-phonon interaction can induce more exotic superconducting pairing than the s-wave, consistent with the topological superconductivity.