Ultrahigh-energy density lead-free dielectric films via polymorphic nanodomain design.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 31395780.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.aaw8109.
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Abstract
Dielectric capacitors with ultrahigh power densities are fundamental energy storage components in electrical and electronic systems. However, a long-standing challenge is improving their energy densities. We report dielectrics with ultrahigh energy densities designed with polymorphic nanodomains. Guided by phase-field simulations, we conceived and synthesized lead-free BiFeO<sub>3</sub>-BaTiO<sub>3</sub>-SrTiO<sub>3</sub> solid-solution films to realize the coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal nanodomains embedded in a cubic matrix. We obtained minimized hysteresis while maintaining high polarization and achieved a high energy density of 112 joules per cubic centimeter with a high energy efficiency of ~80%. This approach should be generalizable for designing high-performance dielectrics and other functional materials that benefit from nanoscale domain structure manipulation.