Beam Steering with a Nonlinear Optical Phased Array Antenna.

Busschaert, Sebastian; Flöry, Nikolaus; Papadopoulos, Sotirios; Parzefall, Markus; Heeg, Sebastian; Novotny, Lukas · Nano Lett · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) exhibit high second harmonic (SH) generation in the visible due to their noncentrosymmetric crystal structure in odd-layered form and direct bandgap transition when thinned down to a monolayer. In order to emit the SH radiation into a desired direction, one requires a means to control the phase of the in-plane nonlinear polarization. Here, we couple the SH response of a monolayer MoS<sub>2</sub> to an optical phased array antenna and demonstrate controllable steering of the nonlinear emission. By exploiting the intrinsic SH generation by the phased array antenna we achieve uniform emission efficiency into a broad angular range. Our work has relevance for novel optoelectronic applications, such as programmable optical interconnects and on-chip LIDAR.