Metal-coordinated sub-10 nm membranes for water purification.

You, Xinda; Wu, Hong; Zhang, Runnan; Su, Yanlei; Cao, Li; Yu, Qianqian; Yuan, Jinqiu; Xiao, Ke et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Ultrathin membranes with potentially high permeability are urgently demanded in water purification. However, their facile, controllable fabrication remains a grand challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a metal-coordinated approach towards defect-free and robust membranes with sub-10 nm thickness. Phytic acid, a natural strong electron donor, is assembled with metal ion-based electron acceptors to fabricate metal-organophosphate membranes (MOPMs) in aqueous solution. Metal ions with higher binding energy or ionization potential such as Fe<sup>3+</sup> and Zr<sup>4+</sup> can generate defect-free structure while MOPM-Fe<sup>3+</sup> with superhydrophilicity is preferred. The membrane thickness is minimized to 8 nm by varying the ligand concentration and the pore structure of MOPM-Fe<sup>3+</sup> is regulated by varying the Fe<sup>3+</sup> content. The membrane with optimized MOPM-Fe<sup>3+</sup> composition exhibits prominent water permeance (109.8 L m<sup>-2</sup> h<sup>-1</sup> bar<sup>-1</sup>) with dye rejections above 95% and superior stability. This strong-coordination assembly may enlighten the development of ultrathin high-performance membranes.