Nanoscale coupling of junctophilin-2 and ryanodine receptors regulates vascular smooth muscle cell contractility.

Abstract

Junctophilin proteins maintain close contacts between the endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) and the plasma membrane in many types of cells, as typified by junctophilin-2 (JPH2), which is necessary for the formation of the cardiac dyad. Here, we report that JPH2 is the most abundant junctophilin isotype in native smooth muscle cells (SMCs) isolated from cerebral arteries and that acute knockdown diminishes the area of sites of interaction between the SR and plasma membrane. Superresolution microscopy revealed nanometer-scale colocalization of JPH2 clusters with type 2 ryanodine receptor (RyR2) clusters near the cell surface. Knockdown of JPH2 had no effect on the frequency, amplitude, or kinetics of spontaneous Ca²⁺ sparks generated by transient release of Ca²⁺ from the SR through RyR2s, but it did nearly abolish Ca²⁺ spark-activated, large-conductance, Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (BK) channel currents. We also found that JPH2 knockdown was associated with hypercontractility of intact cerebral arteries. We conclude that JPH2 maintains functional coupling between RyR2s and BK channels and is critically important for cerebral arterial function.