Spin transport in insulators without exchange stiffness.

Oyanagi, Koichi; Takahashi, Saburo; Cornelissen, Ludo J; Shan, Juan; Daimon, Shunsuke; Kikkawa, Takashi; Bauer, Gerrit E W; van Wees, Bart J et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

The discovery of new materials that efficiently transmit spin currents has been important for spintronics and material science. The electric insulator Gd<sub>3</sub>Ga<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (GGG), a standard substrate for growing magnetic films, can be a spin current generator, but has never been considered as a superior conduit for spin currents. Here we report spin current propagation in paramagnetic GGG over several microns. Surprisingly, spin transport persists up to temperatures of 100 K [Formula: see text] T<sub>g</sub> = 180 mK, the magnetic glass-like transition temperature of GGG. At 5 K and 3.5 T, we find a spin diffusion length λ<sub>GGG</sub> = 1.8 ± 0.2 μm and a spin conductivity σ<sub>GGG</sub> = (7.3 ± 0.3) × 10<sup>4</sup> Sm<sup>-1</sup> that is larger than that of the record quality magnet Y<sub>3</sub>Fe<sub>5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> (YIG). We conclude that exchange stiffness is not required for efficient spin transport, which challenges conventional models and provides new material-design strategies for spintronic devices.