Setting the Stage for Islet Autoimmunity in Type 2 Diabetes: Obesity-Associated Chronic Systemic Inflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress.
review · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 31748213.
- Also identified by DOI 10.2337/dc19-0475 and PMC identifier 7364670.
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Abstract
Islet autoimmunity has been identified as a component of both type 1 (T1D) and type 2 (T2D) diabetes, but the pathway through which islet autoimmunity develops in T1D and T2D <i>may</i> be different. Acknowledging the presence of islet autoimmunity in the pathophysiology of T2D, a historically nonautoimmune metabolic disease, would pave the way for important changes in classifications of and therapeutic options for T2D. In order to fully appreciate the importance of islet autoimmunity in T2D, the underlying mechanisms for immune system activation need to be explored. In this review, we focus on the potential origin of immune system activation (innate and adaptive) leading to the development of islet autoimmunity in T2D.
Medical subject headings
- Autoimmunity
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
- Inflammation
- Islets of Langerhans
- Obesity