Crystal structure and receptor-interacting residues of MYDGF - a protein mediating ischemic tissue repair.

Ebenhoch, Rebecca; Akhdar, Abbas; Reboll, Marc R; Korf-Klingebiel, Mortimer; Gupta, Priyanka; Armstrong, Julie; Huang, Yining; Frego, Lee et al. · Nat Commun · 2019

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

Myeloid-derived growth factor (MYDGF) is a paracrine-acting protein that is produced by bone marrow-derived monocytes and macrophages to protect and repair the heart after myocardial infarction (MI). This effect can be used for the development of protein-based therapies for ischemic tissue repair, also beyond the sole application in heart tissue. Here, we report the X-ray structure of MYDGF and identify its functionally relevant receptor binding epitope. MYDGF consists of a 10-stranded β-sandwich with a folding topology showing no similarities to other cytokines or growth factors. By characterizing the epitope of a neutralizing antibody and utilizing functional assays to study the activity of surface patch-mutations, we were able to localize the receptor interaction interface to a region around two surface tyrosine residues 71 and 73 and an adjacent prominent loop structure of residues 97-101. These findings enable structure-guided protein engineering to develop modified MYDGF variants with potentially improved properties for clinical use.

Medical subject headings