GABAC: an arithmetic coding solution for genomic data.

Abstract

In an effort to provide a response to the ever-expanding generation of genomic data, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is designing a new solution for the representation, compression and management of genomic sequencing data: the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG)-G standard. This paper discusses the first implementation of an MPEG-G compliant entropy codec: GABAC. GABAC combines proven coding technologies, such as context-adaptive binary arithmetic coding, binarization schemes and transformations, into a straightforward solution for the compression of sequencing data. We demonstrate that GABAC outperforms well-established (entropy) codecs in a significant set of cases and thus can serve as an extension for existing genomic compression solutions, such as CRAM. The GABAC library is written in C++. We also provide a command line application which exercises all features provided by the library. GABAC can be downloaded from https://github.com/mitogen/gabac. Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.