Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i> MXene Interface Layer Driving Ultra-Stable Lithium-Iodine Batteries with Both High Iodine Content and Mass Loading.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 31904938.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1021/acsnano.9b09541.
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Abstract
Lithium-iodine (Li-I<sub>2</sub>) batteries are promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems due to their high energy density and the excellent kinetic rates of I<sub>2</sub> cathodes. However, dissolution of iodine and iodide has hindered their widespread adoption for practical applications. Herein, a Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i> MXene foam with a three-dimensional hierarchical porous architecture is proposed as a cathode-electrolyte interface layer in Li-I<sub>2</sub> batteries, enabling high-rate and ultrastable cycling performance at a high iodine content and loading mass. Theoretical calculations and empirical characterizations indicate that Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i> MXene sheets with high metallic conductivity not only provide strong chemical binding with iodine species to suppress the shuttle effect but also facilitate fast redox reactions during cell cycling. As a result, the Li-I<sub>2</sub> battery using a cathode with 70 wt % I<sub>2</sub> cycled stably for over 1000 cycles at a rate of 2 C, even at an ultrahigh loading mass of 5.2 mg cm<sup>-2</sup>. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the highest reported loading at such a high iodine content. This work suggests that using a Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<i><sub><i>x</i></sub></i> MXene interface layer can enable the design and application of high-energy Li-I<sub>2</sub> batteries.