Quantum spin liquids.

Broholm, C; Cava, R J; Kivelson, S A; Nocera, D G; Norman, M R; Senthil, T · Science · 2020

Level V

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Abstract

Spin liquids are quantum phases of matter with a variety of unusual features arising from their topological character, including "fractionalization"-elementary excitations that behave as fractions of an electron. Although there is not yet universally accepted experimental evidence that establishes that any single material has a spin liquid ground state, in the past few years a number of materials have been shown to exhibit distinctive properties that are expected of a quantum spin liquid. Here, we review theoretical and experimental progress in this area.