Highly active cationic cobalt(II) hydroformylation catalysts.
basic_science · Level V
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- Record sourced from PubMed, PMID 32001650.
- Also identified by DOI 10.1126/science.aaw7742.
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Abstract
The cobalt complexes HCo(CO)<sub>4</sub> and HCo(CO)<sub>3</sub>(PR<sub>3</sub>) were the original industrial catalysts used for the hydroformylation of alkenes through reaction with hydrogen and carbon monoxide to produce aldehydes. More recent and expensive rhodium-phosphine catalysts are hundreds of times more active and operate under considerably lower pressures. Cationic cobalt(II) bisphosphine hydrido-carbonyl catalysts that are far more active than traditional neutral cobalt(I) catalysts and approach rhodium catalysts in activity are reported here. These catalysts have low linear-to-branched (L:B) regioselectivity for simple linear alkenes. However, owing to their high alkene isomerization activity and increased steric effects due to the bisphosphine ligand, they have high L:B selectivities for internal alkenes with alkyl branches. These catalysts exhibit long lifetimes and substantial resistance to degradation reactions.