Nitrogen isotope ratios trace high-pH conditions in a terrestrial Mars analog site.

Stüeken, Eva E; Tino, Christopher; Arp, Gernot; Jung, Dietmar; Lyons, Timothy W · Sci Adv · 2020

basic_science · Level V

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Abstract

High-pH alkaline lakes are among the most productive ecosystems on Earth and prime targets in the search for life on Mars; however, a robust proxy for such settings does not yet exist. Nitrogen isotope fractionation resulting from NH<sub>3</sub> volatilization at high pH has the potential to fill this gap. To validate this idea, we analyzed samples from the Nördlinger Ries, a Miocene impact crater lake that displayed pH values up to 9.8 as inferred from mineralogy and aqueous modeling. Our data show a peak in δ<sup>15</sup>N of +17‰ in the most alkaline facies, followed by a gradual decline to around +5‰, concurrent with the proposed decline in pH, highlighting the utility of nitrogen isotopes as a proxy for high-pH conditions. In combination with independent mineralogical indicators for high alkalinity, nitrogen isotopes can provide much-needed quantitative constraints on ancient atmospheric <i>P</i>co<sub>2</sub> (partial pressure of CO<sub>2</sub>) and thus climatic controls on early Earth and Mars.