Early Impact of the 2014 World Health Assembly Resolution on Palliative Care: A Qualitative Study Using Semistructured Interviews with Key Experts.

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> In 2014, the World Health Assembly (WHA) approved the Resolution "<i>Strengthening of palliative care as a component of comprehensive care throughout the life course"</i> (WHA67.19), urging national governments to carry out actions to develop palliative care. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> To establish the origins and assess the influence and early impact of this Resolution. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Semistructured interviews conducted with key informants (<i>n</i> = 20). A thematic content analysis was conducted and triangulated on the transcriptions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The collaborative work done by Non-State Actors, palliative care associations, individuals, Member States, and the World Health Organization (WHO) itself was crucial to the drafting and the approval of WHA67.19. Several post-Resolution actions undertaken by the WHO were highlighted (e.g., appointment of a dedicated officer and the creation of advisory working groups) and its role was identified as a key element in the implementation. Inadequate funding, lack of resources, and cultural factors were the most relevant barriers to implementation. The wide network of NGOs and palliative care associations was identified as the main facilitator. The key identified impact of the Resolution was its value as an advocacy tool and its contribution to raising awareness about palliative care around the world. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Despite the lack of indicators to monitor the implementation of Resolution WHA67.19, key experts evaluate its effects in the short term as positive. Policy potential and its use in championing palliative care are its main early successes. The role of Non-State Actors, the WHO, and Member States working together is crucial to achieving its goals.