The optical conductivity of few-layer black phosphorus by infrared spectroscopy.

Zhang, Guowei; Huang, Shenyang; Wang, Fanjie; Xing, Qiaoxia; Song, Chaoyu; Wang, Chong; Lei, Yuchen; Huang, Mingyuan et al. · Nat Commun · 2020

basic_science · Level V

Where this comes from

Abstract

The strength of light-matter interaction is of central importance in photonics and optoelectronics. For many widely studied two-dimensional semiconductors, such as MoS<sub>2</sub>, the optical absorption due to exciton resonances increases with thickness. However, here we will show, few-layer black phosphorus exhibits an opposite trend. We determine the optical conductivity of few-layer black phosphorus with thickness down to bilayer by infrared spectroscopy. On the contrary to our expectations, the frequency-integrated exciton absorption is found to be enhanced in thinner samples. Moreover, the continuum absorption near the band edge is almost a constant, independent of the thickness. We will show such scenario is related to the quanta of the universal optical conductivity of graphene (σ<sub>0</sub> = e<sup>2</sup>/4ħ), with a prefactor originating from the band anisotropy.